NIVIEM Phase II

User Manual · Version 1.0

Introduction

NIVIEM Phase II is a detailed digital emulation inspired by the legendary Ludwig Phase II Guitar Synthesizer (Model #9000, 1970-1971) - one of the rarest and most sought-after guitar effects ever made. This plugin is a component-level, circuit-accurate emulation based on traced schematics, calibration procedures, and verified hardware analysis of the original unit.

What Makes This Plugin Special

  • Museum-Quality Authenticity: Every circuit block verified against R.G. Keen's traced schematic and GroupDIY calibration documentation
  • Dual Formant Filters: Gyrator-based bandpass filters tuned to F1/F2 speech formant ranges
  • 3 Trajectory Modes: Parallel, Counter, and Vowel - the iconic "yoy-yoy" sound
  • Authentic Animation LFO: UJT-style relaxation oscillator with square wave output
  • Complementary Fuzz: 3-transistor NPN/PNP topology with asymmetric soft clipping
  • FAST/SLOW START: Authentic LFO attack time control
  • FFM/BOTH/FUZZ RPT: Original 3-way animation routing switch
  • Tempo Sync: Modern addition for DAW integration
  • Vintage Variation: Component tolerance modeling for authentic unit-to-unit character
  • 20 Factory Presets: Including Shimmer Sea, Bad Moon, Slappy Bass, and more

The Original: Ludwig Phase II (1970-71)

Historical Context

The Ludwig Phase II Guitar Synthesizer was manufactured by Ludwig Drum Company (under Conn/Selmer ownership) in 1970-1971. It represented one of the first commercial attempts at guitar "synthesis" before true synthesizers became affordable.

The Ludwig Phase II was revolutionary for its time, offering:

  • Dual Formant Filters: Two discrete transistor bandpass filters tuned to speech formant ranges (not a simple wah pedal)
  • Trajectory Control: Multiple modes for filter movement patterns
  • Animation LFO: Automatic filter modulation with adjustable rate and depth
  • Fuzz Section: Complementary NPN/PNP fuzz with unique "liquid" character
  • Expression Pedal: Manual control over filter frequencies

Rarity & Collectibility

Production numbers were extremely limited:

  • Units Manufactured: Approximately 150-200 (sources vary)
  • Period: 1970-1971 only
  • Collectibility: Among the rarest vintage guitar effects ever produced
  • Current Value: $5,000-$15,000+ when they appear

Each unit sounds DIFFERENT due to:

  • 8 trimmer potentiometers requiring precise calibration
  • Hand-selected transistors (Q5 "blue mark" component)
  • Component tolerances from 1970s manufacturing
  • Critical CV range of only 1.8V-2.2V (0.4V span)

Famous Users

The Ludwig Phase II's exotic capabilities attracted adventurous guitarists:

  • Sonic Youth (Lee Ranaldo, Thurston Moore): "The Diamond Sea," "Washing Machine," "Schizophrenia"
  • Primus (Les Claypool): "Pork Soda," "Frizzle Fry" bass textures
  • Pearl Jam: "Binaural" album textures
  • Beck: "Cold Brains" and experimental work

Sonic Youth's Ludwig was famously stolen from a concert, becoming part of guitar effect mythology.

The Signature Sound

The Ludwig Phase II creates its iconic "yoy-yoy" sound through:

  1. Vowel Trajectory Mode: F1/F2 follow phonetic speech patterns
  2. Square Wave LFO: Flip-flop creates abrupt transitions
  3. Narrow CV Range: Focused formant sweep (not wide wah sweeps)
  4. Fuzz Interaction: Fuzz harmonics animated through formant filters

Authenticity & Circuit-Level Emulation

Our Approach to Emulation

The NIVIEM Phase II was developed using rigorous methodology:

  1. Primary Source Analysis: R.G. Keen's traced schematic from GeoFEX served as our primary reference
  2. Calibration Verification: GroupDIY calibration procedures and voltage measurements
  3. Component Verification: Period-correct transistor types, UJT characteristics, gyrator topology
  4. Circuit Topology Preservation: Signal flow matches the original exactly
  5. Behavioral Accuracy: Each circuit block analyzed for transfer function and implemented accordingly

Critical Implementation Details

UJT Relaxation Oscillator (Animation LFO)

The original Ludwig uses a 2N2646 UJT (Uni-Junction Transistor) relaxation oscillator:

ParameterValue
Intrinsic Standoff Ratio (η)0.65 (characteristic of 2N2646)
OutputExponential sawtooth trigger pulses
Rate Range0.1 Hz - 15 Hz

The UJT triggers a Q3/Q4 flip-flop that creates SQUARE WAVES:

UJT Oscillator → Trigger Pulse → Q3/Q4 Flip-Flop → Square Wave Output

CRITICAL: The Ludwig's LFO is NOT a sine wave - it's a SQUARE WAVE from the discrete transistor flip-flop. This creates the characteristic abrupt transitions in the "yoy-yoy" sound.

Our implementation models:

  • TTL-style threshold behavior
  • Authentic rise/fall times (~100μs)
  • Optional slew limiting for vintage character

Complementary Fuzz (3-Transistor NPN/PNP)

The fuzz section uses a unique 3-stage topology:

StageTransistorFunction
Q21NPNOverdrive/gain stage
Q5PNP ("blue mark")Hand-selected complementary clipper
Q6TIP112 DarlingtonOutput driver

Characteristics:

  • Asymmetric soft clipping: NPN/PNP complementary pair creates even and odd harmonics
  • DC offset: Asymmetric clipping generates DC (we include DC blocking)
  • Progressive saturation: Harder clipping with increasing input level
  • "Smooth & liquid" character: Not harsh like many fuzz circuits

Gyrator-Based Formant Filters

The dual bandpass filters use gyrator topology (simulated inductors):

FilterFrequency RangeFormant Correlation
F1250 Hz - 1000 HzTongue height / jaw opening
F2800 Hz - 3000 HzTongue frontness / backness

Critical CV Range: The original Ludwig operates in an extremely narrow control voltage range:

CV Range: 1.8V - 2.2V (only 0.4V span!)

This narrow range:

  • Creates focused formant sweep (not wide wah sweeps)
  • Requires precise calibration (voltage imbalance > 0.2V causes "pops, gurgles, and squeals")
  • Makes each unit sound slightly different

Installation

System Requirements

PlatformRequirements
macOS11.0 (Big Sur) or later, Intel or Apple Silicon
WindowsWindows 10/11 (64-bit), SSE2-compatible CPU
  • Formats: Audio Unit (AU - macOS only), VST3 (macOS & Windows)
  • DAW: Logic Pro, GarageBand, Ableton Live, Cubase, Studio One, Reaper, Bitwig, or any AU/VST3 host
  • RAM: 4 GB minimum, 8 GB recommended
  • Disk Space: ~50 MB

Installation Steps

macOS

  1. Download the NIVIEM Phase II installer
  2. Run the installer and follow on-screen instructions
  3. The plugin will be installed to:
    • AU: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/
    • VST3: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST3/
  4. Restart your DAW
  5. Scan for new plugins if required

Manual Installation:

  1. Copy NIVIEM Phase II.component to ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/
  2. Copy NIVIEM Phase II.vst3 to ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST3/
  3. Restart your DAW

Windows

  1. Download the NIVIEM Phase II installer (.exe)
  2. Run the installer as Administrator
  3. Follow on-screen instructions
  4. The plugin will be installed to:
    • VST3: C:\Program Files\Common Files\VST3\
  5. Restart your DAW
  6. Scan for new plugins if required

Manual Installation:

  1. Copy NIVIEM Phase II.vst3 to C:\Program Files\Common Files\VST3\
  2. Restart your DAW

User Interface Overview

The NIVIEM Phase II interface is inspired by the original hardware's aesthetic with a dark industrial design, backlit controls, and gold accents.

Layout Organization

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                              HEADER BAR                                  │
│  [NIVIEM] [Phase II]        [Pickup Sim] [Type] [Preset ▼] [+]         │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                          │
│  ┌─────────────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │      FUZZ SECTION       │  │        ANIMATION SECTION            │   │
│  │                         │  │                                     │   │
│  │  [Drive]    [Mix]       │  │  [Rate]   [Depth]   [Intensity]    │   │
│  │                         │  │                                     │   │
│  │  [Quality] [Character]  │  │  [Wave] [Target] [Start] [Sync]    │   │
│  │  [ADAA  ]               │  │                                     │   │
│  └─────────────────────────┘  │  ┌─────────────────────────────┐   │   │
│                               │  │      LFO Waveform Display    │   │   │
│                               │  └─────────────────────────────┘   │   │
│                               └─────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                          │
│  ┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────────────────────┐  │
│  │ TRAJECTORIES  │ │  EXPRESSION   │ │      FORMANT FILTERS          │  │
│  │               │ │               │ │                               │  │
│  │ [Par][Cnt][V] │ │ [Expression]  │ │  [F1 Center] [F2 Center]     │  │
│  │               │ │ [Pedal Curve] │ │  [Resonance]                 │  │
│  └───────────────┘ └───────────────┘ └───────────────────────────────┘  │
│                                                                          │
│  ┌───────────────────┐  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │    CHARACTER      │  │              OUTPUT SECTION               │   │
│  │                   │  │                                           │   │
│  │    [Vintage]      │  │  [Mix] [Gain] [Byp Bal] [Spread] [Mode]  │   │
│  └───────────────────┘  └───────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                            FOOTSWITCHES                                  │
│   [STEREO]    [EFFECT]    [ANIMATION]    [FUZZ]    [LFO Slew Toggle]   │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Signal Flow Architecture

The NIVIEM Phase II processes audio through this signal chain (matching the original Ludwig circuit):

                                    ┌───────────────────┐
                                    │    ANIMATION      │
                                    │       LFO         │
                                    │  (Square Wave)    │
                                    └─────────┬─────────┘
                                              │
                                    ┌─────────▼─────────┐
                                    │   TRAJECTORY      │
                                    │   GENERATOR       │
                                    │ Parallel/Counter/ │
                                    │     Vowel         │
                                    └─────────┬─────────┘
                                              │
                              ┌───────────────┼───────────────┐
                              │               │               │
                              ▼               ▼               │
                        ┌─────────┐     ┌─────────┐          │
                        │   F1    │     │   F2    │          │
                        │ Filter  │     │ Filter  │          │
                        │250-1000 │     │800-3000 │          │
                        │   Hz    │     │   Hz    │          │
                        └────┬────┘     └────┬────┘          │
                             │               │                │
                             └───────┬───────┘                │
                                     │                        │
    ┌─────────┐     ┌─────────┐     │      ┌─────────────────┘
    │         │     │         │     ▼      │
IN ─┤ INPUT   ├────►│  FUZZ   ├───►(+)◄────┘
    │ STAGE   │     │ Section │     │
    └─────────┘     └─────────┘     │
                                    ▼
                             ┌─────────────┐
                             │  DRY/WET    │
                             │    MIX      │
                             └──────┬──────┘
                                    │
                                    ▼
                             ┌─────────────┐
                             │   OUTPUT    │
                             │    GAIN     │
                             └──────┬──────┘
                                    │
                                   OUT

Processing Flow Description

  1. Input Stage: High-impedance buffering suitable for passive pickups
  2. Pickup Simulation (Optional): Models how low-impedance fuzz loads guitar pickups
  3. Fuzz Section (Optional): 3-transistor complementary soft clipping
  4. Fuzz Mix: Blends clean and fuzz signals BEFORE filters
  5. Dual Formant Filters: F1 and F2 bandpass filters in parallel
  6. Trajectory Generator: Controls F1/F2 movement patterns (Parallel/Counter/Vowel)
  7. Animation LFO: Modulates filter frequencies and/or fuzz amplitude
  8. Dry/Wet Mix: Blends original and processed signal
  9. Output Gain: Final level adjustment

Controls: FUZZ Section

Drive (0-100%)

Controls the input gain into the fuzz circuit.

RangeCharacter
0-25%Subtle saturation, dynamics preserved
25-50%Moderate fuzz with responsive dynamics
50-75%Heavy distortion, compressed dynamics
75-100%Maximum saturation, synth-like sustain

Fuzz Mix (0-100%)

AUTHENTIC: Blends clean and fuzz signals BEFORE the formant filters.

SettingResult
0%100% clean signal to filters
50%Equal clean/fuzz blend
100%100% fuzz signal to filters

This allows clean attack to punch through fuzz sustain - a key feature of the original Ludwig.

Oversampling (1x / 2x / 4x)

Reduces aliasing artifacts from waveshaping:

ModeQualityCPU Cost
1xBase (may have aliasing at high drive)Lowest
2xGood balance~1.5x
4xBest quality, minimal aliasing~2.5x

ADAA Mode (None / 1st Order)

Antiderivative Anti-Aliasing for additional artifact reduction:

ModeAliasing Reduction
NoneFastest, no ADAA
1st Order~6dB reduction (recommended)

Character (Transistor / Tube / Hybrid)

Controls the saturation curve used in the fuzz overdrive stage:

ModeSaturation CurveSound Character
TransistorBJT Shockley equationAuthentic Ludwig - sharper, aggressive
TubeTanh (hyperbolic)Smoother, warmer, more compressed
Hybrid65% BJT + 35% TanhBalanced - authentic with added smoothness

Technical Detail:

  • Transistor mode uses the Shockley diode equation: out = sign(x) × (1 - e^(-|x|/Vt)) which accurately models BJT collector saturation. This produces a sharper knee and more odd harmonics - the characteristic "spitty" fuzz sound.
  • Tube mode uses tanh(x) which models vacuum tube grid saturation with a softer knee and more even harmonic distribution.
  • Hybrid blends both curves for a balanced character that retains authenticity while adding smoothness.

AUTHENTIC DEFAULT: Transistor (matches original NPN/PNP transistor behavior)

Controls: ANIMATION Section

Rate (0.1 Hz - 15 Hz)

Speed of the animation LFO:

RangeCharacter
0.1-0.5 HzVery slow sweep (~2-10 second period)
0.5-2 HzClassic "yoy" range
2-5 HzModerate animation
5-15 HzFast tremolo-like modulation

Note: When Tempo Sync is enabled, this control is overridden by the sync division.

Depth (0-100%)

Intensity of filter frequency modulation (FFM Amp on original):

SettingResult
0%No LFO modulation (expression pedal only)
50%Medium sweep range
100%Full frequency sweep

Intensity (0-100%)

AUTHENTIC: "Intens Fuzz Rep" slider from original.

Controls amplitude modulation depth when animation target is Both or Fuzz Repeat:

SettingResult
0%No amplitude modulation
50%Moderate pulsing
100%Full stutter effect

Wave (Waveform Selection)

WaveformCharacterAuthenticity
SquareAbrupt transitions, iconic "yoy"AUTHENTIC (Q3/Q4 flip-flop)
TriangleSmooth sweepsEnhanced option
Exp SawUJT-like exponential rampSemi-authentic
SineGentle, rounded modulationEnhanced option

AUTHENTIC DEFAULT: Square wave matches the original Q3/Q4 flip-flop behavior.

Target (Animation Routing)

AUTHENTIC: Original Ludwig 3-way switch:

ModeLFO Routes ToSound
FFMFilter frequencies ONLYClassic "yoy-yoy" sweeping vowels
BothFilters + Fuzz amplitudeCombined effect
Fuzz RepeatFuzz amplitude ONLYRhythmic stutter, static filters

Start (FAST/SLOW START)

AUTHENTIC: Attack time when Animation is enabled:

SettingAttack TimeCharacter
0ms (FAST)InstantImmediate modulation
800msGradualFade-in effect
2000ms (SLOW)Long fadeCinematic swell

Sync (Tempo Sync)

Synchronizes LFO rate to host tempo:

DivisionBeats per Cycle
OffFree-running Hz mode
1/14 beats (whole note)
1/22 beats (half note)
1/41 beat (quarter note)
1/80.5 beats (eighth note)
1/160.25 beats (sixteenth note)
1/2THalf note triplet
1/4TQuarter note triplet
1/8TEighth note triplet

Controls: FORMANT Section

F1 Center (250 Hz - 1000 Hz)

Lower formant frequency (correlates with tongue height):

FrequencyVowel Character
250-400 HzClosed vowels ("ee", "oo")
400-600 HzNeutral ("uh", "ah")
600-1000 HzOpen vowels ("ae", "ah")

AUTHENTIC DEFAULT: 500 Hz

F2 Center (800 Hz - 3000 Hz)

Upper formant frequency (correlates with tongue frontness):

FrequencyVowel Character
800-1200 HzBack vowels ("oo", "oh")
1200-1800 HzNeutral
1800-3000 HzFront vowels ("ee", "eh")

AUTHENTIC DEFAULT: 1500 Hz

Resonance (Q: 0.5 - 8.0)

Filter emphasis/sharpness:

Q ValueCharacter
0.5-2.0Subtle, guitar-friendly
2.0-4.0Typical Ludwig (clear vowels)
4.0-6.0Pronounced formants
6.0-8.0Strong resonance, vocal-like

NOTE: Ludwig filters do NOT self-oscillate (unlike Moog-style filters).

Trajectory Mode

See Trajectory Modes section.

Controls: OUTPUT Section

Mix (0-100%)

Dry/Wet blend:

SettingResult
0%100% dry (bypass effect)
50%Equal blend
100%100% wet (full effect)

Gain (-12 dB to +12 dB)

Output level adjustment for gain staging.

Stereo Mode

ModeDescription
Dual MonoSame modulation on both channels (AUTHENTIC)
Stereo SpreadSlight LFO phase offset between channels
True StereoL = Wet (processed), R = Dry (enhanced clean)

True Stereo matches the original Ludwig's Primary/Stereo output configuration.

CHARACTER Section

Vintage Variation (0-100%)

Models unit-to-unit component tolerances:

ParameterVariation at 100%
LFO Rate+/-5% drift
F1/F2 Centers+/-3% offset
Resonance+/-5% offset
Fuzz Gains+/-10% variation

Set to 0% for "perfect" digital behavior, increase for vintage character.

Expression (0-100%)

Manual filter position control:

PositionResult
0% (Heel down)Low frequency position
50% (Middle)Neutral center
100% (Toe down)High frequency position

Expression pedal CV is SUMMED with LFO modulation.

Pedal Curve

Expression pedal response curves:

CurveCharacter
LinearEqual response throughout
LogarithmicMore resolution at low values (heel)
ExponentialMore resolution at high values (toe)
S-CurveMore resolution at extremes

LFO Slew Toggle

AUTHENTIC: Emulates Q3/Q4 flip-flop transistor behavior.

StateBehavior
OffInstant square wave transitions
On~100μs rise/fall time (vintage character)

When enabled, creates more "organic" modulation feel by softening square wave edges.

Header Controls

Pickup Simulation Toggle

Enables/disables input impedance modeling:

StateEffect
OnSimulates pickup loading (authentic)
OffBypasses pickup simulation

Pickup Type

Adjusts resonant frequency based on pickup type:

TypeResonant FrequencyCharacter
Single Coil~4 kHzBright, articulate (Fender Strat/Tele)
Humbucker~2.5 kHzWarm, thick (Gibson PAF-style)
P90~3.5 kHzFat but clear

Footswitches

Four footswitches at the bottom match the original Ludwig pedalboard:

STEREO (Blue LED)

AUTHENTIC: Toggles True Stereo output mode.

StateOutput Behavior
OffMono or Stereo Spread (per Stereo Mode setting)
OnTrue Stereo: L = Wet, R = Enhanced Dry

EFFECT (Green LED)

Master effect on/off:

StateResult
Off (unlit)Effect bypassed
On (lit)Effect active

ANIMATION (Yellow LED)

AUTHENTIC: Enables/disables LFO modulation independently.

StateResult
OffFilters static (expression pedal only)
OnLFO modulation active

With Animation OFF, you can still use expression pedal for manual filter sweeps.

FUZZ (Red LED)

AUTHENTIC: Enables/disables fuzz section.

StateSignal Path
OffClean signal → Filters
OnFuzz signal → Filters (blended per Fuzz Mix)

Trajectory Modes

The Trajectory Mode controls how F1 and F2 filters move in response to modulation.

Parallel (Mode A)

Modulation ──►  F1 ───▲───
                      │
Modulation ──►  F2 ───▲───
  • Both filters sweep in the same direction
  • Creates "synchronized wah" effect
  • Sound: Dual resonance moving together

Counter (Mode B)

Modulation ──►  F1 ───▲───
                      │
           ──►  F2 ───▼───
  • F1 sweeps up while F2 sweeps down (and vice versa)
  • Creates converging/diverging formant movement
  • Sound: "Talkbox-like," "pinched vowels"

Vowel (Mode C) - AUTHENTIC

F1 & F2 follow speech formant trajectories:
    /ɑ/ → /i/ → /u/ → /æ/ → (repeat)
  • Filters follow phonetic vowel transition curves
  • Creates the iconic "yoy-yoy" sound
  • This is the signature Ludwig sound!

AUTHENTIC DEFAULT: Vowel mode is the default as it produces the most characteristic Ludwig sound.

Animation Target Modes

The Animation Target controls WHERE the LFO modulation is routed.

FFM (Formant Filter Modulation)

LFO ───► F1 Frequency
    └──► F2 Frequency
  • LFO modulates filter frequencies ONLY
  • Classic "yoy-yoy" sweeping sound
  • Most common Ludwig use case

Both

LFO ───► F1 Frequency
    ├──► F2 Frequency
    └──► Fuzz Amplitude
  • LFO modulates both filters AND fuzz amplitude
  • Combined sweeping + pulsing effect
  • More complex, animated texture

Fuzz Repeat

LFO ───► Fuzz Amplitude ONLY
  • LFO modulates fuzz amplitude ONLY
  • Filters stay static (controlled by expression pedal)
  • Creates rhythmic "stutter" fuzz effect
  • Like a tremolo applied to the fuzz signal

Tempo Sync

When Tempo Sync is enabled (set to any value other than "Off"), the Animation LFO synchronizes to your DAW's tempo.

Calculation

The LFO rate is calculated as:

Rate (Hz) = BPM / 60 / beatsPerCycle

Note Division Reference

At 120 BPM:

DivisionBeatsRate
1/140.5 Hz
1/221.0 Hz
1/412.0 Hz
1/80.54.0 Hz
1/160.258.0 Hz
1/2T1.331.5 Hz
1/4T0.673.0 Hz
1/8T0.336.0 Hz

Usage Tips

  • 1/4 and 1/8 work well for rhythmic "yoy" effects
  • 1/2T and 1/4T create interesting polyrhythmic feels
  • 1/1 and 1/2 for slow, dramatic sweeps
  • Combine with Fuzz Repeat mode for tempo-synced stutter

Factory Presets

The plugin includes 20 carefully crafted factory presets across 3 categories:

Signature Tones (6)

PresetDescriptionSound Character
Shimmer SeaSlow shimmer, vowel formants, LFO slew90s NYC experimental
Bad MoonAggressive phasing, faster rateNoise rock, dissonant textures
Drone SkullExtended drone, slow morphingLong-form experimental
Slappy BassSlappy bass fuzz, fast animationFunky prog-bass textures
Destroyed RadioLo-fi degraded radio textureAlt-rock, sample-culture era
Alive PhaseSaturated phase, powerful and presentArena rock, powerful leads

These presets are inspired by famous recordings featuring the original Ludwig Phase II:

  • Shimmer Sea: Inspired by the ethereal textures heard on Sonic Youth's "The Diamond Sea"
  • Bad Moon: Captures the aggressive phasing from the Bad Moon Rising era
  • Drone Skull: Extended experimental textures in the style of "Expressway to Yr. Skull"
  • Slappy Bass: The funky bass tones Les Claypool achieved on Primus recordings
  • Destroyed Radio: Lo-fi textures reminiscent of Beck's sample-heavy productions
  • Alive Phase: Powerful saturated phase in the style of Pearl Jam's arena rock sound

Classic Presets (7)

PresetDescription
Classic PhaseAuthentic 1970 Ludwig settings
Formant MachineClean vowel shapes, no fuzz
Fuzz RepeaterHeavy amplitude modulation
Slow SweepGradual build-up with SLOW START
Gentle PhaseSubtle formant animation for mixing
Ambient DriftUltra-slow evolving ambient soundscapes
Funk MachineFunky autowah-like rhythmic formant patterns

Experimental Presets (7)

PresetDescription
Alien VoiceExtreme vowel formants, vocal-like tones
Wide VowelsTrue stereo with counter trajectory
Vintage WornFull component drift character
Low FormantDeep formants for bass guitar and synth
Synth VowelsKeyboard/synth-optimized wide frequency
Industrial GrindMaximum fuzz for noise/industrial textures
Octave SynthThick harmonics creating octave-like effect

User Presets

Saving Presets

  1. Adjust all parameters to desired settings
  2. Click the + button in the header
  3. Enter a preset name
  4. Click Save

Loading Presets

  1. Click the preset dropdown
  2. Select from Factory or User presets
  3. Parameters update immediately

Deleting User Presets

  1. Open the preset dropdown
  2. Click the X next to a user preset
  3. Confirm deletion

User Preset Location:

~/Library/Application Support/NIVIEM/NIVIEM Phase II/Presets/UserPresets.xml

Quality Modes & Oversampling

Why Oversampling Matters

The fuzz section creates harmonics through waveshaping. Without oversampling, these harmonics can fold back as aliasing - harsh, metallic artifacts that never existed in the original analog hardware.

Analog circuits are continuous-time and cannot produce aliasing. Our oversampling removes this digital artifact, making the emulation more authentic.

Oversampling Levels

ModeInternal Rate (at 44.1kHz)CPU CostAliasing
1x44.1 kHzLowestPossible at high drive
2x88.2 kHz~1.5xMinimal
4x176.4 kHz~2.5xNegligible

ADAA (Antiderivative Anti-Aliasing)

Additional aliasing reduction through mathematical anti-aliasing:

ModeReductionCPU
None-Fastest
1st Order~6dBSlight increase

Recommendations

Use CaseRecommended Settings
Live performance1x or 2x, ADAA None
Tracking/recording2x, ADAA 1st Order
Mixing/mastering4x, ADAA 1st Order
CPU-limited systems1x, ADAA None

Tips & Techniques

Getting the Classic Sonic Youth Sound

  1. Load Shimmer Sea preset as starting point
  2. Set Wave to Square (authentic)
  3. Enable LFO Slew for vintage character
  4. Set Trajectory to Vowel
  5. Keep Rate slow (0.5-2 Hz)
  6. Depth at 60-80%
  7. Enable Fuzz with moderate Drive (40-60%)

Rhythmic Fuzz Stutter

  1. Set Target to Fuzz Repeat
  2. Enable Tempo Sync at 1/8 or 1/16
  3. Increase Intensity to 80-100%
  4. Use Square waveform for choppy effect
  5. Expression pedal controls static filter position

Clean Formant Animation

  1. Disable Fuzz (footswitch OFF)
  2. Set Target to FFM
  3. Use Vowel trajectory for "yoy-yoy"
  4. Adjust F1/F2 Centers for different vowel character
  5. Higher Resonance (4-6) for more vocal quality

Bass Guitar Setup

  1. Load Low Formant or Slappy Bass preset
  2. Lower F1 Center to 250-400 Hz
  3. Lower F2 Center to 800-1200 Hz
  4. Set Pickup Type to Humbucker or P90
  5. Increase Drive for more saturation

Vintage Character

  1. Enable LFO Slew for authentic transistor behavior
  2. Increase Vintage Variation to 30-50%
  3. Use Square waveform (authentic)
  4. Enable Pickup Simulation
  5. Use True Stereo mode for original output config

Auto-Wah Effect

  1. Disable Animation (footswitch OFF)
  2. Use Expression Pedal for manual control
  3. Set Trajectory to Vowel or Counter
  4. Higher Resonance for more "quack"
  5. Enable Fuzz for more harmonic content

Creating Unique Unit Character

  1. Increase Vintage Variation to 100%
  2. Each time you change it, you get a different "unit"
  3. Some variations:
    • "The Bright One" - higher F2, snappier fuzz
    • "The Dark One" - lower F2, rounder fuzz
    • "The Fast One" - faster LFO
    • "The Aggressive" - hotter fuzz stages

Technical Specifications

Audio

SpecificationValue
Sample Rates44.1 kHz - 192 kHz
Bit Depth32-bit float internal
ChannelsStereo (mono summed for authentic mode)
LatencyZero latency (no lookahead)

DSP Architecture

ComponentImplementation
FiltersTPT State Variable (zero-delay feedback)
LFOSample-accurate with slew limiting option
FuzzSoft-clipping waveshaper with ADAA
OversamplingHalfband polyphase filters (2x/4x)
DC Blocking20 Hz high-pass IIR

Performance Optimization

TechnologyPlatformsComponents
SSE2Windows, macOS IntelAll SIMD-optimized DSP
NEONmacOS Apple SiliconAll SIMD-optimized DSP
Block ProcessingAllLFO pre-computation, cache optimization

SIMD-Optimized Components:

  • HalfBandFilter (oversampling) - 2-3x faster
  • FormantFilter (F1/F2 parallel) - 1.5-2x faster
  • StereoDCBlocker (L/R parallel) - 1.5x faster

This results in approximately 12% lower CPU usage compared to non-optimized processing, while maintaining bit-identical audio output.

Circuit Emulation

Original ComponentEmulation
2N2646 UJTRelaxation oscillator model (η=0.65)
Q3/Q4 Flip-FlopSquare wave with slew limiting
Q21/Q5/Q6 Fuzz3-stage complementary soft clipping
Gyrator FiltersTPT SVF bandpass
10K Expression PotLinear with curve options

Authentic Specifications

ParameterOriginal Value
CV Range1.8V - 2.2V (0.4V span)
F1 Range250 Hz - 1000 Hz
F2 Range800 Hz - 3000 Hz
LFO Rate0.1 Hz - 15 Hz
Q Factor2.0 - 8.0 (non-self-oscillating)

Troubleshooting

No Sound Output

  1. Check Effect footswitch is ON (green LED lit)
  2. Check Mix is not at 0%
  3. Verify input signal is present
  4. Check Output Gain is not at minimum

Filter Not Sweeping

  1. Check Animation footswitch is ON (yellow LED lit)
  2. Increase Depth above 0%
  3. Check Rate is not at minimum (if Tempo Sync is Off)
  4. Verify Target is set to FFM or Both

Harsh/Metallic Sound

  1. Increase Oversampling to 2x or 4x
  2. Enable ADAA (1st Order)
  3. Reduce Fuzz Drive
  4. Reduce Resonance

Clicks or Pops

  1. Enable LFO Slew for smoother transitions
  2. Reduce Resonance (very high Q can cause instability)
  3. Enable DC Blocking (should be on by default)

High CPU Usage

  1. Reduce Oversampling to 1x or 2x
  2. Disable ADAA
  3. Freeze tracks when not actively editing
  4. Increase DAW buffer size

Preset Not Loading Correctly

  1. Ensure plugin is fully loaded before selecting preset
  2. Try clicking the preset name again
  3. Restart the plugin if issues persist

Credits & References

Development

Developed by Milan Vasiljev / NIVIEM

Primary Research Sources

  1. R.G. Keen - GeoFEX

    • "Ludwig Phase II Clone Documentation"
    • Complete traced schematic, BOM, calibration notes
    • geofex.com
  2. GroupDIY Forum

    • "Ludwig Phase II Guitar Synthesizer Calibration Procedure"
    • Hardware measurements, voltage specifications, trimmer procedures
  3. Freestompboxes.org

    • "Ludwig Phase II Build Thread"
    • Community experiences, component substitutions
  4. DIYStompboxes

    • Technical discussions, circuit analysis
  5. Premier Guitar

    • "A Tale of Two Ludwigs"
    • Historical context, famous users

Technical References

  • 2N2646 UJT Datasheet - Intrinsic standoff ratio, timing characteristics
  • Zavalishin, V. (2018) - "The Art of VA Filter Design" (TPT SVF theory)
  • CCRMA (Stanford) - Speech formant synthesis research, F1/F2 tables
  • Analog Devices - ADAA (Antiderivative Anti-Aliasing) papers

Special Thanks

To the original Ludwig Drum Company engineering team for creating such an innovative and inspiring instrument. The Phase II represents a unique moment in music technology history - one of the first true "guitar synthesizers" that brought formant filtering to guitar.

To Sonic Youth, Primus, and all the artists who discovered and championed the Ludwig's unique sound, keeping it in the musical consciousness despite its extreme rarity.

Version History

Version 1.0 (December 2024)

  • Initial release
  • Cross-Platform Support: macOS (Universal Binary) and Windows
  • SIMD Optimization: SSE2 (x86-64) and NEON (ARM64) acceleration with ~12% CPU reduction
  • Complete circuit emulation:
    • UJT-style animation LFO with square wave output
    • 3-transistor complementary fuzz (Q21/Q5/Q6)
    • Dual gyrator-based formant filters (F1/F2)
    • Authentic trajectory modes (Parallel/Counter/Vowel)
  • Authentic DSP implementations:
    • BJT Shockley saturation - Authentic transistor transfer function
    • Gyrator filter coloration - Subtle feedback path saturation for analog warmth
    • Normalized half-band filters - Unity gain oversampling filters
    • LFO slew limiting - ~100μs rise/fall time modeling transistor bandwidth
  • Fuzz Character control - Choose between Transistor (BJT), Tube (tanh), or Hybrid saturation curves
  • 4 Footswitches: Stereo, Effect, Animation, Fuzz
  • Animation features:
    • FFM/Both/Fuzz Repeat target modes
    • FAST/SLOW START attack control
    • LFO Slew limiting for vintage character
    • Tempo sync (Off, 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, triplets)
  • Premium features:
    • Oversampling (1x/2x/4x) with optimized half-band polyphase filters
    • ADAA anti-aliasing (1st order with Li2 dilogarithm)
    • Pickup type simulation (Single Coil, Humbucker, P90)
    • Vintage variation modeling with 8 named unit profiles
    • Expression pedal with 4 curve options
  • 20 Factory presets across 3 categories:
    • Signature Tones (6): Shimmer Sea, Bad Moon, Drone Skull, Slappy Bass, Destroyed Radio, Alive Phase
    • Classic (7): Classic Phase, Formant Machine, Fuzz Repeater, Slow Sweep, Gentle Phase, Ambient Drift, Funk Machine
    • Experimental (7): Alien Voice, Wide Vowels, Vintage Worn, Low Formant, Synth Vowels, Industrial Grind, Octave Synth
  • User preset save/load/delete
  • World-class UI features:
    • Parameter value tooltips - Shows exact values during adjustment
    • LFO waveform display - Real-time animated waveform with moving position indicator
    • LFO phase indicator - Pulsing dot synchronized to waveform brightness
    • Preset modified indicator - Orange dot when parameters differ from saved preset
    • Keyboard navigation - Full Tab + Arrow key accessibility (WCAG compliant)
    • Micro-animations - Subtle glow and scale effects on control interaction
    • WCAG AA contrast compliance - All text meets accessibility standards
  • WebView-based user interface with dark industrial aesthetic

Trademark Notice

NIVIEM Phase II is an independent product developed by NIVIEM. This plugin is inspired by the vintage Ludwig Phase II Guitar Synthesizer (1970-71) and is designed to emulate its sound characteristics.

Ludwig is a registered trademark of Ludwig Drum Company. The original Phase II Guitar Synthesizer was a product of Ludwig Drum Company (under Conn/Selmer ownership) in 1970-71.

This product is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Ludwig Drum Company or any of their affiliates. All product names, trademarks, and registered trademarks mentioned in this documentation are the property of their respective owners.

The use of these names is solely for the purpose of describing the sound characteristics and historical context that inspired this emulation, which is standard practice in the audio software industry.


Copyright 2024-2025 Milan Vasiljev. All Rights Reserved.

NIVIEM is a trademark of Milan Vasiljev.


For support: milan.vasiljev.work@gmail.com